ICAO flight crew licencing and training

The following is a report from COPA Board of Director Frank Hofmann who participated as IAOPA’s representative at ICAO.
The FCLTP met for a second time May 12-23, to review licensing and training standards found in Annexes 1 and 6.
IAOPA asked for, and was fortunate to be granted, member status on this panel since most Panel members were individuals responsible for their State’s licensing system.
The Panel was divided into three working groups - A, B and C. IAOPA was represented on groups B and C, although in this last meeting IAOPA’s representative Frank Hofmann had time to participate only for the group B sessions.
o Working Group A met to discuss proposed requirements for the approval of training organizations. It also reviewed the issuance of class and type ratings and the crediting of hours towards a higher licence.
o Working Group B continued to review current flight crew licence requirements of Annex 1.
o Working Group C is developing a set of competency based Standards for a new ab initio multi-crew commercial pilot licence (to be named MPL). This group is also determining the optimum use of instructional devices for developing and maintaining competency. All three working groups are reviewing the adequacy of existing ICAO guidance documents.
Working Group B’s major pre-occupations concerned the maintenance of Competency and Recency suggested in Annex 1. The current situation worldwide is that there is great variance in how maintenance of competency is demonstrated through recency of experience.
Requirements range from flying times of 12 hours/year to no set minimum hours/year. The regulators in the group favoured a minimum hour requirement with a demonstration of competence by flight testing.
This approach, based on no evidence of how these times were derived, was unacceptable to IAOPA. Strong reservations were expressed with this approach. Ultimately an IAOPA recommendation was accepted by the group.
IAOPA proposed that ICAO adopt a Recommendation. In ICAO parlance the meaning of a “Recommendation” is that States have a choice in adopting - they do not have to file a ‘difference’ from an international standard.
o IAOPA’s recommendation read: “Recommendation: Maintenance of competency and recent experience requirements shall be established for pilot licences and ratings based on a systematic approach to accident prevention and should include a risk assessment process and analysis of the accident and incident data appropriate to that State.”
The effect of this proposal is that States are encouraged to first gather statistics and only upon analysis of data related to the role recency played in accidents should the State develop requirements to minimize risks. In an additional note States are given examples of alternate methods (to a flight test) of compliance.
o At IAOPA’s suggestion, the group also drafted a policy stating that a pilot licence suffice as proof of competency so that a pilot’s logbook not be required as proof of competence since logbooks are not usually carried on board general aviation aircraft flying internationally.
Working Group C developed a set of 17 core competencies which crew members for the Airline Right Hand Seat qualifications must meet to obtain Commercial Pilot level competency in a multi-crew cockpit environment.
These competencies are divided into three disciplines: Technical Domain, Procedural Domain and Interpersonal Domain. The recommendation at this point is that a pilot so qualified may not act as pilot-in-command of a single crew airplane.
The airlines are strongly interested in this licence, claiming that someone trained in the traditional single pilot piston environment is likely not as readily adaptable to the multi-crew turbine environment in which the airlines operate.
Indeed, one proposal suggests that such a pilot may do all of his training on a simulator - no actual flying. The method by which a crew-member may gain unrestricted ATPL privileges, having been totally trained for multi-crew aircraft operation, is still under review.
The Panel of the whole will meet Dec. 8-19, 2003, in Montreal to consider all its proposals for change, to be submitted to the Air Navigation Commission for approval.